Which therapy explicitly emphasizes uniqueness of the individual and social context?

• A. Existential therapy
• B. Cognitive therapy
• C. Behavioral therapy
• D. Adlerian therapy

Answer: (D)

The main idea tested is how a therapy treats a person as a unique individual whose behavior is shaped by their place in the social world. Adlerian therapy explicitly centers on the idea that each person develops a unique lifestyle and sense of belonging within a community, using concepts like social interest and family constellation to understand how they fit into their social context. It views problems as arising from misguided goals or lifestyle attempts to meet needs for significance and belonging, and it seeks to realign those goals with constructive social connectedness. In contrast, existential therapy focuses more on meaning and freedom, cognitive therapy targets thoughts and beliefs, and behavioral therapy emphasizes observable actions and learning. Because Adlerian therapy foregrounds both individuality and the social environment as core to understanding and changing behavior, it is the best fit for this question.